Friday, February 24, 2023

ChatGPT and the Dragon

I felt surprised when, in my "other life" as the managing editor of an academic journal, the subject of ChatGPT came up on the agenda of an editorial board meeting. Before that moment, it hadn't occurred to me that the ability of AI to generate content had progressed to the point where it was a problem or something that we needed to make a policy about. 

I knew, of course, that AI has been being developed for some time and also know about many jobs being lost to automation, but I had felt “safe” from its intrusion into my work. While I understand that my phone has been able to find answers to basic questions for some years, it doesn't come up with its own ideas. I assumed we were far away from AI doing creative work well.  

Can AI tell a story? What if I gave it very few guidelines to write a picture book – just the commonly recommended word limit of 500 words and that it be appropriate for a child to hear and a subject. I gave it the subject of a dragon, because my favorite of my current picture book manuscripts is about a dragon. What would it come up with? Can it do my work better than I can yet?

It made a surprisingly coherent story, with all the basic parts of a story and a nice arc. It did it quickly - more quickly than I can write and with a clearer plot than many first drafts I've written. If anything, it felt a little old fashioned, beginning with “Once upon a time” and ending with “The End.”

Can you tell me a story about a dragon that is fewer than 500 words and would be appropriate for a child to hear? Once upon a time, in a faraway kingdom, there lived a kind and friendly dragon named Daisy. Daisy lived in a cave deep in the forest and spent her days collecting shiny treasures and napping in the sun.  The people of the kingdom were afraid of Daisy because they had heard stories of fierce dragons that breathed fire and hoarded treasure, but Daisy was nothing like that. She loved to fly around the forest and play with the animals, especially the birds and butterflies.  One day, a terrible storm rolled in and destroyed the kingdom's crops. The people were in great need and the king sent out a call for help. Daisy heard the call and knew she had to do something to help. She gathered all the shiny treasures she had collected and flew to the kingdom.  When she arrived, the people were amazed to see such a friendly dragon. Daisy gave them all of her treasures, which they used to buy new seed and rebuild their homes. From that day on, Daisy was no longer feared by the people and was welcomed as a friend.  The kingdom flourished, and Daisy and the people lived happily ever after. And from that day on, every year, Daisy and the people of the kingdom would work together to plant new crops and make sure that everyone had enough to eat. The End.

Could it revise, though? I thought about what I would have done differently if I had written this story, and it occurred to me that I would probably have used some dialogue. So, I asked it to re-tell it using dialogue. It was able to keep the structure of the story and have Daisy the dragon and the people saying a few things, but it didn’t really make the story better or sound natural (although it’s not as if every revision attempt I make necessarily improves a story either).

Can you re-tell it in a way that includes dialogue? Once upon a time, in a faraway kingdom, there lived a kind and friendly dragon named Daisy. Daisy lived in a cave deep in the forest and spent her days collecting shiny treasures and napping in the sun.  The people of the kingdom were afraid of Daisy because they had heard stories of fierce dragons that breathed fire and hoarded treasure, but Daisy was nothing like that. She loved to fly around the forest and play with the animals, especially the birds and butterflies.  One day, a terrible storm rolled in and destroyed the kingdom's crops. The people were in great need and the king sent out a call for help. Daisy heard the call and knew she had to do something to help.  Daisy: "I must help the people of the kingdom, I have many treasures that can help them."  She gathered all the shiny treasures she had collected and flew to the kingdom. When she arrived, the people were amazed to see such a friendly dragon.  People: "Oh, a dragon! But it is not like the ones we heard about, it looks so kind."  Daisy: "I have come to help, here are my treasures, use them to buy new seeds and rebuild your homes."  The people were very grateful and thanked Daisy, they used the treasures to buy new seed and rebuild their homes. From that day on, Daisy was no longer feared by the people and was welcomed as a friend.  The kingdom flourished, and Daisy and the people lived happily ever after. And from that day on, every year, Daisy and the people of the kingdom would work together to plant new crops and make sure that everyone had enough to eat. The End.

I was curious what kind of input it had to be able to come up with a story like this. Was it very similar to a book it had "read?" Would it be able to identify where it had gotten this form of story from? So, I asked it “Which books do you know that are similar to this story?"

It gave a response including five books and their authors and summaries. All the authors were real, but none of the books seemed to exist.

And that’s when I realized that AI sometimes just lies.

Which books do you know that are similar to this story?  There are many books that are similar in theme to the story of the friendly dragon named Daisy. Some examples include:  "The Little Dragon" by Margaret Wild, is a story about a dragon who learns to be kind to others and how to make friends. "Dragon's Heart" by Joel Ross, is a story about a dragon who learns the importance of kindness and compassion. "The Friendly Dragon" by Margaret Wild, this is a story about a dragon who wants to be friends with humans and he help them in the end. "The Dragon and the Knight" by Eric A. Kimmel, a story about a dragon who helps a knight to defeat a giant instead of fighting him. "The Dragon's Good Deed" by Dav Pilkey, A dragon learns to be a hero and helps the village in difficult time. These books all feature dragons that are kind and friendly, and they use their abilities to help others. They all convey the message of kindness, compassion and friendship.

When I asked if it was sure they existed, it apologized, admitting that “it seems that some of the books I mentioned may not exist” and listing five that do.

So, I guess the lesson is that you might be able to use it to generate some comps for something you're writing, make sure that the books the AI finds actually exist...

I am having trouble finding any of those books. Are you sure that they exist or did you take the names of authors who have written books about dragons and make titles that would fit the theme?  I apologize, upon further research, it seems that some of the books I mentioned may not exist. As a language model, I don't have the capability to check the availability of a certain book on the market, I can only generate text based on the information I have been trained on. However, I can recommend some similar books that are available:  "Dragon's Kindness" by Margaret Wild, this is a picture book about a dragon who wants to be kind, even when others are not. "The Last Dragon" by Jane Yolen, is a story of a dragon who is the last of her kind and helps a knight to understand the value of being kind and compassionate. "How to Train Your Dragon" by Cressida Cowell, A boy and a dragon become friends and go on adventures together, learning about loyalty, courage, and understanding. "The Dragon and the Nibblesome Knight" by Elli Woollard, A dragon and a knight become friends and help each other to overcome their fears and biases. "The Dragon and the Knight" by Eric A. Kimmel, a story about a dragon who helps a knight to defeat a giant instead of fighting him. I apologize for any confusion caused by my previous responses. I hope these recommendations are helpful.

What if it didn’t have the topic of a dragon? What if I asked it to write a picture book manuscript instead?

This time it separated the story by pages, and wrote a story about a seed that had a dream to grow into a strong tree and eventually did. It was kind of sweet.

Write a picture book manuscript with an audience of children ages 4-8.  Title: The Little Seed's Big Dream  Page 1: Once upon a time, there was a little seed. It lived in a warm and cozy place in the ground.  Page 2: The little seed had a big dream. It wanted to grow into a tall and strong tree, just like its parents.  Page 3: One day, a gentle breeze blew and whispered to the little seed, "It's time to grow."  Page 4: The little seed woke up from its long nap and started to stretch its roots and shoot.  Page 5: It poked its head out of the ground and saw the big, beautiful world.  Page 6: The little seed felt a little scared but also excited. It knew it had a big dream to fulfill.  Page 7: The little seed drank in the sunshine and rain, and soon it grew a little taller.  Page 8: It felt the wind blowing and swaying it back and forth, but it held on tight.

Page 9: Days turned into weeks, and weeks turned into months. The little seed grew bigger and bigger.  Page 10: One day, the little seed felt something strange. It felt a tiny bud growing on its branches.  Page 11: The little seed was amazed! It had never seen anything like it before.  Page 12: The little bud grew bigger and bigger, until one day, it opened up into a beautiful flower.  Page 13: The little seed was so proud of its beautiful flower. It had grown from a tiny seed to a tall and strong tree.  Page 14: The little seed looked around and saw all the other trees and flowers, and it knew it was part of something big and beautiful.  Page 15: The little seed looked up at the big blue sky and whispered, "Thank you, world, for helping me grow and fulfill my big dream."  Page 16: The end.


So, what does this mean for me? For us as writers? In short, I don’t know. I don’t like the feeling that I could be replaced by a machine, and for now I don’t think I can. Reading the stories generated by ChatGPT, my guess is that it can write in various "styles" but that it is missing something when it comes to the elusive concept of "voice." 

What do you think? How close is ChatGPT (or other AI software) to being able to do what we do? How can it help us or how can it hurt us? Please share your thoughts in the comments! 

I also just noticed that this topic will be discussed at an upcoming virtual Shop Talk for those of us who are interested. 

7 comments:

  1. Sarah: Thanks for your interesting article. My response may be self-serving because I believe with every fiber of my being that I can write a better novel than AI. To me, the stories felt flat and predictable. They were missing the creative spark that makes a story memorable. Part of that is voice, and part is the uniqueness of the human brain. Can a computer generate a surprise?
    If AI software can be taught to paint in the styles of specific artists, it can write in the styles or voices of specific authors. With time, the competition from AI may intensify.
    Yesterday I saw a tweet from an agent complaining about ChatGPT-generated queries. Yikes.
    Thanks for the reminder about the Up North Shop Talk.

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  2. Sarah, this is fascinating. Thanks for providing the examples that show where we are with AI now. I was struck by how the examples read and felt like my early manuscripts...as Ann points out...flat and unoriginal. They were precious to me because I was actually writing stories for a specific audience. But they read as if anyone could have written them (not my voice). They had lots of other issues, too, which is why they live in my drawer! BUT -- here's my take away -- I learned through doing, being mentored, and evaluating others' work. Will AI do this, too? Or is it inherently limited whereas we living, breathing, changing humans are not?

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  3. My critique group discussed AI the other day and actually played around with it during our zoom get together about what it could possibly do. It really is unbelievable how quickly it can put together a story. It does seem to be missing the emotion, the voice, that pulls us into stories. Though maybe it could if we asked it to. Kind of scary.

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  4. Pretty scary, I think! Thank you for providing examples. They're flat but not nearly as "bad" as some manuscripts I've read as a contest judge, etc. (Or as my own first attempts.) The other day i saw, for the first time, a literary magazine that actually listed a prohibition agains AI generated submissions. Makes me wonder if poetry, as well, is being written and submitted to poetry journals. Yikes!

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  5. Wow, I'd never even contemplated this idea. Guessing that eventually AI will become more sophisticated and improve its writing chops. It has a good start already! Whether it will make authors obsolete some day is anybody's guess. Rather like reading 1984 today and realizing how much of it has come to pass, whereas, back then, it all sounded outlandish.
    Interesting, scary, and eye-opening! Thanks, Sarah.

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  6. Whew. What an honest and insightful post. My initial knee jerk reaction, as a teacher and a writer, is to really fear AI and want this kind of technology to disappear. More and more, I am reading and hearing how we will have to adapt with it, advice that is equally scary, but probably more realistic. Thank you for confronting this head on and giving us some concrete examples.

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  7. Thanks for sharing about this. I don't really know much about Al, so this was very helpful and a little scary.

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